← All levels Ready now
Level 2 · Jorh ਜੋੜ · Joining

Vowel signs & the muharni

Your first five minutes

ਸਾ Kanna — aa
audio coming

One stroke turns into ਸਾ — read them side by side.

ਮਾਤਾ · mother

Step 1 — the other two vowel signs

Four skills in this level · tap to jump · every level is open

Step 1 — read these words

Read these to a grown-up

Your child reads each word aloud to any grown-up. Tick the ones they read. Two helps allowed.

Ticks are just for this sitting — nothing is saved.

Read

10 vowel signs in 3 steps, then the muharni and a brand-new-word challenge.

Ready now

Step 1 is at the top of the page. Back to Step 1 ↑

Step 2 — u · oo Open step →
ਸੁ Aunkar — u
ਸੂ Dulankar — oo

Read these to a grown-up

Your child reads each word aloud to any grown-up. Tick the ones they read. Two helps allowed.

Ticks are just for this sitting — nothing is saved.

Step 3 — e · ai · o · au Open step →
ਸੇ Lavan — e
ਸੈ Dulavan — ai
ਸੋ Hora — o
ਸੌ Kanaura — au

Read these to a grown-up

Your child reads each word aloud to any grown-up. Tick the ones they read. Two helps allowed.

Ticks are just for this sitting — nothing is saved.

The muharni — every letter, every vowel

Read across each row. This is how every Gurmukhi letter joins with the 10 vowel signs.

ਸਾਸਿਸੀਸੁਸੂਸੇਸੈਸੋਸੌ
ਕਾਕਿਕੀਕੁਕੂਕੇਕੈਕੋਕੌ

Level-up move: read a brand-new word

If your child can sound out a word they've never seen, they're really reading. Two helps allowed.

Ticks are just for this sitting — nothing is saved.

Listen

Play a word, then work out which vowel sign is in it.

Ready now

Which vowel sign did you hear?

Press play, listen to the word, then tap the vowel sign you can hear in it. Every word is one your child can look up in the picture dictionary.

Open the picture dictionary

Speak

Six sentence frames. Keep the frame, swap the blank — that is a child making their own sentences. Recordings are still to come; the frames work tonight without them.

Ready now

Talk mission 1

Ready now

This is ___

ਇਹ ਹੈ ih ___ hai "this is a ___"

For the grown-up

Walk around the room and point at things. Your child names each one inside the frame. Five true sentences and you are done.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Talk mission 2

Ready now

My ___

ਮੇਰਾ / ਮੇਰੀ meraa ___ / meree ___ "my ___ (boy word / girl word)"

For the grown-up

This frame quietly teaches boy/girl endings. Don't explain it — just use both forms out loud and let your child hear which one goes with which word.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Talk mission 3

Ready now

I like ___

ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪਸੰਦ ਹੈ mainoon ___ pasand hai "I like ___"

For the grown-up

At dinner, go round the table: everyone says one thing they like, in the frame. Then one thing they don't — ਮੈਨੂੰ ___ ਪਸੰਦ ਨਹੀਂ.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Talk mission 4

Ready now

I need ___

ਮੈਨੂੰ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ mainoon ___ chaaheedaa hai "I need / want ___"

For the grown-up

The useful one: make this the price of admission at snack time. Ask in Punjabi, wait for the frame, then hand it over.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Talk mission 5

Ready now

Where is ___?

ਕਿੱਥੇ ਹੈ? ___ kitthe hai? "where is ___?"

For the grown-up

Hide something small and let your child ask for it in Punjabi. They will ask the same question ten times, which is exactly what you want.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Talk mission 6

Ready now

I have ___

ਮੇਰੇ ਕੋਲ ਹੈ mere kol ___ hai "I have ___"

For the grown-up

Empty a pocket or a school bag onto the table and name everything in it, one frame per thing.

Who to say it to

  1. A Punjabi-speaking parent
  2. Grandparents — in person or on a video call
  3. Someone at the gurdwara
  4. Or repeat after our recording
Said it with fewer than 2 helps? (just for tonight — not saved) More ways to say it — coming with this section

Swap words: anything from the picture dictionary — every word there has a recording, so your child can check how it should sound.

Write

Trace the muharni and your first words with vowels, on paper.

Ready now

Tracing worksheets — vowel signs & muharni

Trace the muharni and your first vowel-words, then copy them on the lines.

Download the PDF →

What your child will be able to do

  • Read Ready now

    "…read words with any of the 10 matra, and read down a muharni row."

  • Listen Ready now

    "…hear a word and pick which vowel sign it has."

  • Speak Ready now

    "…make my own sentence by swapping one word in a pattern."

  • Write Ready now

    "…write words with each vowel sign."

Use these any time

Questions parents ask

Some answers use Gurmukhi that is still being checked:

What is a matra?
A matra (ਲਗਾਂ ਮਾਤਰਾ) is a vowel sign — a small stroke added to a letter to change its sound. Level 1's letters each carry a built-in short "a"; the ten matra in this level give you every other vowel. One letter plus ten signs is why Gurmukhi can write any Punjabi word with only 35 letters.
Why does the sihari sit before the letter?
Sihari (ਿ) is written to the left of its letter but read after it — ਸਿ is "si", not "is". It is the one exception to left-to-right reading in Gurmukhi, and it trips up nearly every new reader. Point it out once, then let the muharni rows do the drilling.
What is the muharni for?
The muharni is the times-table of Gurmukhi: one letter read across all ten vowel signs. Reading down a row turns ten separate facts into one pattern, so a child who can read ਸ ਸਾ ਸਿ ਸੀ… can read those same signs on a letter they have never tried.
My child knows the letters but still cannot read words. Is that normal?
Yes, and this level is the bridge. Naming letters and blending them into a word are different skills, and the gap between them is where most children sit for a while. The "read a brand-new word" challenge at the end of this level is the real test — if your child can sound out a word they have never seen, they are reading.

Other levels

Level 1 · Akhar ਅੱਖਰOpen →
Level 2 · Jorh ਜੋੜYou're here
Level 3 · Vaak ਵਾਕOpen →
Level 4 · Parhai ਪੜ੍ਹਾਈComing soon
Level 5 · Samajh ਸਮਝComing soon
Level 6 · Paath ਪਾਠComing soon